POTENSI POPULASI TIGA LARVA TRICHOPTERA SEBAGAI BIOINDIKATOR PENCEMARAN SUNGAI CILIWUNG

Oleh: Nurlena Hayati

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat keberadaan populasi larva Trichoptera di
sungai Ciliwung dan potensinya sebagai bioindikator.

Pencuplikan larva Trichoptera diambil menggunakan jala surber berukuran 30cmX30cm sepanjang lintasan lurus 10 meter di tiap stasiun dari tujuh lokasi yang berbeda yaitu: tiga lokasi di wilayah hulu (Legok Bulus, Gunung Mas dan Mega Mendung) dan
wilayah tengah meliputi empat lokasi (Kampung Pensiunan, Kampung Jogjogan,
Baranangsiang dan PDAM Cibinong).

Pencuplikan telah dilakukan dari bulan Juli sampai Oktober 2008. Hasil pencuplikan di semua wilayah penelitian ditemukan tiga larva Trichoptera yaitu Hydropsyche sp, Lymnephilidae sp, dan Rhyachopila sp. Pada stasiun Legok Bulus ditemukan 81% Hydropsyche sp, 3% Lymnephilidae sp dan 16% Rhyachopila sp. Gunung Mas ditemukan 73%
Hydropsyche sp 13% Lymnephilidae sp dan 14% Rhyachopila sp. Mega Mendung ditemukan 68,4% Hydropsyche sp dan 31,58% Lymnephilidae sp. Kampung Pensiunan ditemukan 90% Hydropsyche sp, 4% Lymnephilidae sp dan 16% Rhyachopila sp. Kampung Jogjogan ditemukan 100% Hydropsyche sp. Baranangsiang ditemukan 100% Hydropsyche sp dan PDAM Cibinong ditemukan 100% Hydropsyche sp.

Berdasarkan fisika kimia pada masing masing stasiun bahwa stasiun Legok Bulus, Gunung Mas, Mega Mendung tergolong stasiun yang belum tercemar (bersih) dengan jumlah individu larva Hydrophyse sp yang rendah antara 13-104, jumlah individu Lymnephilidae sp yang tinggi antara 4-15, dan Rhyachopila sp yang tinggi antara 6-20 individu. Stasiun Kampung Pensiunan, Kampung Jogjogan, Baranangsiang dan PDAM Cibinong tergolong sungai mulai tercemar ringan dengan jumlah individu larva Hydrophyse sp yang tinggi antara 204-1935, jumlah individu Lymnephilidae sp yang rendah antara 0-2, dan jumlah individu Rhyachopila sp yang rendah di bawah 7.

Kata kunci: Larva Trichoptera, bioindikator, Sungai Ciliwung.

English Version:

THE POTENTIAL OF TRICHOPTERA LARVAE POPULATIONS AS BIOINDICATOR OF POLLUTION IN CILIWUNG RIVER

Due to the existence of watercourse from upstream to downstream, besides the
economical and ecological resources, river is an aquatic ecosystem with specific
characteristics. The objectives of this study is to observe the occurrence of
Trichoptera larvae in Ciliwung river and its potential as bioindicator.

Collections of Trichoptera larvae were done using sorbet net (30cmX30cm) in a 10 meters transect line from seven different sites i.e: 3 sites (Legok Bulus. Gunung Mas,
Mega Mendung) consider as upper part and 4 sites (Kampung Pensiunan, Kampung Jogjogan, Baranangsiang, PDAM Cibinong) consider as middle part of the Ciliwung river. Sampling was conducted once in a month from July to October 2008. The aspects of water to be measured were temperature, TSS, DO, BOD5, pH, COD and nutrient (nitate, nitrite, ammonium).

The results found species of Trichoptera i.e: Hydropsyche sp, Lymnephilidae sp and Rhyachopila sp. In Legok Bulus found 81% Hydropsyche sp, 3% Lymnephilidae sp and 16%
Rhyachopila sp. In Gunung Mas found 73% Hydropsyche sp, 13% Lymnephilidae sp and 14% Rhyachopila sp. In Mega Mendung found 68,4% Hydropsyche sp, 31,58% Lymnephilidae sp. In Kampung Pensiunan found 90% Hydropsyche sp, 4% Lymnephilidae sp and 16% Rhyachopila sp. In Kampung Jogjogan found 100% Hydropsyche sp. In Baranangsiang found 100% Hydropsyche sp. In PDAM Cibinong 100% Hydropsyche sp. Based on relation of the physical and chemical factor, the study showed that two communities of Trichoptera on community was in Legok Bulus, Gunung Mas and Mega Mendung. The physical and chemical
factor which related to temperature, TSS, DO, COD, nitrate and nitrite. Then Trichoptera larva composed in this station, there were Hydropsyche sp, Lymnephilidae sp and Rhyachopila sp. The second communite consisted of four stations such as Kampung Pensiunan, Kampung Jogjogan, Baranangsiang and PDAM Cibinong.

The physical and chemical factor whic related to temperature, nitrate, ammonium and larva of Trichoptera was dominated by Hydropsyche sp. Based on scoring of physical and chemical, determination of ecological status of Ciliwung river showed that Legok Bulus, Mega Mendung and Gunung Mas could be consider as un polluted condition indicate by low number of Hydropsyche sp (13-104 individuals), high number of Lymnephilidae sp (4-15 individuals) and high number of Rhyachopila sp (15-20 individuals). At Kampung Pensiunan, Kampung Jogjogan, Baranangsiang and PDAM Cibinong consider as a light polluted condition indicate by the high number of Hydropsyche sp sp (204-1935) individuals), low number of Lymnephilidae sp (0-2individuals) and low number of Rhyachopila sp (7 individuals).

Key words: Bioindicator, Ciliwung River, Trichopter

Posted under real circumstance, source will be published and will not claimed as its own writing